Sacramento Injury Lawyer Blog

(Please note: the names and locations of all parties have been changed to protect the confidentiality of the participants in this elder abuse/wrongful death case and its proceedings.)

PLAINTIFFS' THIRTEENTH CAUSE OF ACTION FOR UNFAIR BUSINESS PRACTICES STATES A CLAIM.

The Unfair Practices Act, Business & Professions Code section 17200, prohibits any unlawful business practice. (B&P Code Section 17200). By prohibiting any unlawful business practice, Section 172000 borrows' violations of other laws and treats them as unlawful practices that the unfair practices act makes independently actionable. State Farm Fire & Casualty Co. v. Superior Court (1996) 45 Cal.App.4th 1093,1103 (single quotes in the original). The Unfair Practices Act's coverage is sweeping, embracing anything that can properly be called a business practice and that at the same time is forbidden by law. Cel-Tech Communications Inc. v. Los Angles Cellular Telephone Company (1999) 20 Cal.4th 163, 180.

In People v. Casa Blanca Convalescent Home (1984) 159 Cal.App.3d 509,530, the court held that a corporation's practice of understaffing its nursing homes was an unfair business practice within Section 17200. Here, plaintiffs, like the plaintiffs in Casa Blanca Convalescent Home, by pleading valid causes of action for violation of the Elder Abuse and Dependent Adult Civil Protection Act, and alleging that defendants' conduct is part of a general business practice, stated a claim for Unfair Business Practices also raised a triable issue of fact as to unfair business practices.

PLAINTIFFS REQUEST LEAVE TO AMEND WITH RESPECT TO THE FOURTEENTH CAUSES OF ACTION FOR BREACH OF CONTRACT

Continue reading "Sacramento Residential Nursing Home Sued For Reckless Abuse, Part 11 of 11" »

(Please note: the names and locations of all parties have been changed to protect the confidentiality of the participants in this elder abuse/wrongful death case and its proceedings.)

PLAINTIFFS' EIGHTH CAUSE OF ACTION FOR ELDER ABUSE WITH FRAUD STATES A CLAIM.

As discussed above, Welfare & Institutions Code Section 15657 provides for enhanced remedies under the Elder Abuse Act, where it is proven by clear and convincing evidence that a defendant ... is liable for ... or neglect as defined in Section 15610.57, and that the defendant has been guilty of recklessness, oppression, fraud, or malice in the commission of this abuse... The Eighth Cause of Action alleges that defendants committed neglect with fraud, based on the fraudulent misrepresentations that defendants made to induce the Brown family to place Mr. Brown at Universal Care.

The Eighth Cause of Action is pled as an alternate to the First Cause of Action for Elder Abuse -Wilful or Reckless Neglect. Defendants contend that plaintiffs cannot plead in the alternative, but they are wrong. It is well established that "a party may plead in the alternative and may make inconsistent allegations." Adams v. Paul (1995) 11 Cal.4th 583, 593, 594, quoted in Third Eye Blind v. Near North Entertainment Ins. (2005) 127 Cal.App.4th 1311,1323. It is perfectly acceptable to file separate or duplicative causes of action arising from the same set of facts. Eichler Homes of San Mateo, Inc. v. Superior Court (1961) 55 Cal.2d 845, 916.

It is worth noting that situations similar to those described in this case could just as easily occur at any of the residentail elder care facilities in the Sacramento area. (See Part 11 of 11.)

Continue reading "Elder Abuse Act Violations By Sacramento Facility, Part 10 of 11" »

(Please note: the names and locations of all parties have been changed to protect the confidentiality of the participants in this elder abuse/wrongful death case and its proceedings.)

Defendants have a laundry list of objections to the fraud cause of action, but they cite few specific authorities. Here, plaintiffs have alleged specific misrepresentations relating to the services defendants would provide to Steven Brown, made to Christina Brown by defendants' agents in order to induce the Brown family to have Steven live at Universal Care. Defendants are liable for false misrepresentations made to a person acting as an agent of the plaintiff. Mirkin v. Wasserman (1993) 5 Cal.4th 1082,1097.

Mr. Brown had dementia, and the complaint alleges facts showing that Christina was clearly acting as his agents when they spoke with Universal Care about whether that facility would be suitable for him. Defendants' misrepresentations about the kind and level of care that they would provide for Mr. Brown are also actionable. Cf. Harazim v. Lynam (1968) 267 Cal.App.2d 127,131 (defendants' misrepresentations about the future profits that will be made on a specifically described investment plan are actionable if the plan is not as advertised). The first amended complaint specifically alleges that the Brown family relied on the misrepresentations in having Steven become a resident at Universal Care.

The complaint alleges that Steven sustained damages as a result of the fraud (financial damages, in terms of monies paid, and emotional distress and physical pain and suffering, as discussed above in connection with elder abuse).

Continue reading "Reckless Abuse By Sacramento Nursing Home Staff, Part 9 of 11" »

(Please note: the names and locations of all parties have been changed to protect the confidentiality of the participants in this elder abuse/wrongful death case and its proceedings.)

PLAINTIFFS' SIXTH CAUSE OF ACTION FOR NEGLIGENT HIRING, SUPERVISION, AND RETENTION OF REBECCA COCKRILL STATES A CLAIM.

Liability for negligent hiring, training, retention, or supervision is based on the principle that an enterprise should bear the loss for its negligence in hiring, training, or retaining unsuitable employees. Mendoza v. City of Los Angeles (1998) 66 Cal.App.4th 1333, 1339-1340. See also Restatement of Agency (2nd) Section 213 (employer liable to third parties for injuries caused by inadequate training and supervision of its employees).

Here, with respect to Steven Brown, the first amended complaint alleges that defendants owed him a duty of care in connection with the managers they hired and retained to run the facility, based on their special relationship with him. Mr. Brown paid defendants more than $41,000 to provide care for him, which defendants did not provide, by reason of Ms. Cockrill's mismanagement of the Universal Care facility. This is an economic loss sufficient to show damages to Mr. Brown on this cause of action.

Plaintiffs Christina and David Brown concede that they as individuals, as opposed to successors in interest, have not stated a cause of action for negligent hiring.

Continue reading "Sacramento Man's Family Sues For Elder Care Abuse, Part 8 of 11" »

(Please note: the names and locations of all parties have been changed to protect the confidentiality of the participants in this elder abuse/wrongful death case and its proceedings.)

PLAINTIFFS' FOURTH CAUSE OF ACTION STATES CLAIMS FOR RECKLESS OR INTENTIONAL INFLICTION OF EMOTIONAL DISTRESS AS TO STEVEN BROWN

The elements of the tort are: (1) extreme and outrageous conduct by the defendant with the intention of causing, or reckless disregard of the probability of causing, emotional distress; (2) the Claimant's suffering severe or extreme emotional distress; and (3) actual and proximate causation of the emotional distress by the defendant's outrageous conduct. KOVR-TV, Inc. v. Superior Court (1995) 31 Cal. App.4th 1023, 1028, 37 Cal.Rptr.2d 431.

The tort does not require an allegation of an intention to cause harm. A reckless disregard of the probability of causing harm is adequate. [I]t is not essential to liability that a trier of fact find a malicious or evil purpose. It is enough that defendant "devoted little or no thought" to the probable consequences of his conduct. KOVR-TV, Inc., supra, 31 Cal.App.4th at 1031-1032.

Whether conduct is outrageous is a question of fact for which the law does not provide a bright line rigidly separating that which is actionable from that which is not. Indeed, it generally hazards a case-by-case appraisal of conduct filtered through the prism of the appraiser's values, sensitivity threshold, and standards of civility. The process evoked by the test appears to be more intuitive than analytical. Yurick v. Superior Court (1989) 209 Cal.App.3d 1116, 1128.

Continue reading "Fraud By Sacramento Nursing Facility Leads To Elder Abuse Lawsuit, Part 7 of 11" »

(Please note: the names and locations of all parties have been changed to protect the confidentiality of the participants in this elder abuse/wrongful death case and its proceedings.)

Here, Dani O’Brien made complaints prior to April 2006 regarding medication errors affecting her mother's medications. This put defendants on notice of problems with the administration of medication. Yet, defendants did not correct the medication problems, which persisted with errors with Mr. Brown's medications late in 2006, (missed Procrit injections, missed doses of other medications), ultimately resulting in Universal Care's overdosing him with Olanzapine (Zyprexa), thereby causing him pain, suffering, and death).

Universal Care also failed to take precautions to prevent Mr. Brown from falling, after being on notice in the admission process that he was at a high risk for falls. They also failed to change their fall prevention protocol for him after he had actual falls in the facility, resulting in his further falls.

These allegations are more than sufficient to allege conscious disregard of Mr. Brown's welfare under Intrieri.

PLAINTIFFS' THIRD CAUSE OF ACTION STATES CLAIMS FOR WRONGFUL DEATH.

Defendants mistakenly contend that plaintiffs have not alleged facts showing that defendants negligently caused Mr. Brown's death. Paragraph 140 states that the autopsy shows a toxic level of Olanzapine in Mr. Brown's blood stream. Paragraph 141 states that Universal Care provide[d] Steven excess dosing of Olanzapine, directly resulting in pain, suffering, and death on October 7,2006. Of course, these allegations state that Universal Care overdosed Mr. Brown on Olanzapine. These allegations sufficiently state a cause of action for wrongful death.

Continue reading "Sacramento Man Neglected And Abused In Residential Facility, Part 6 of 11" »

(Please note: the names and locations of all parties have been changed to protect the confidentiality of the participants in this elder abuse/wrongful death case and its proceedings.)

The lower court granted summary judgment for defendants, finding that the facts adduced by plaintiffs amounted only to medical negligence and not "reckless neglect." The court of appeal reversed, finding several independent bases that supported an inference of reckless neglect. Id. at 85. The nursing home's display of the keypad number above the keypad on the door to the ward, raised a reasonable inference that the nursing home had consciously disregarded the safety of the Alzheimer patients, including Mrs. Intrieri because it provided "unfettered access" to the Alzheimer's ward to any one who could read the code. Id. at 84.

The nursing home's failure to take steps to prevent the belligerent resident from harming Mrs. Intrieri and other residents, knowing that he had been exhibiting bizarre behavior, also evinced reckless neglect. Id. at 84-85. The nursing home's failure to make changes to Mrs. Intrieri's care plan after she developed pressure ulcers, and its failure to follow a care plan for the ulcers after an outside physician set a plan of treatment for the ulcers, also supported a reasonable inference that the nursing home acted with reckless neglect in caring for Mrs. Intrieri. Id. at 85.

In Sababin v. Superior Court (2006) 144 Cal.App.4th 81, a lawsuit had been brought against a skilled nursing facility by the family of a deceased woman, who acquired pressure ulcers at the facility, which caused her death. She had Huntington's chorea disease, which put her at known risk for skin breakdown. Id. at 83. The facility was granted summary judgment in the lower court based on its argument that it had no liability unless it injured the dependent adult due to a total absence of care. Id. at 90. In reversing, the Court of Appeal held, We disagree.

Continue reading "Sacramento Nursing Care Resident Dies After Abuse, Part 5 of 11" »

(Please note: the names and locations of all parties have been changed to protect the confidentiality of the participants in this elder abuse/wrongful death case and its proceedings.)

Plaintiffs State A Claim for Willlful or Reckless Neglect of An Elder By Alleging That Defendants Failed to Make Effective Changes To Their Care Plans for Fall Prevention and Medication Administration Despite Being On Notice of Falls By Mr. Brown And Errors With His Medications.

The courts have held that Title 22 regulations governing Residential Care Facilities For The Elderly establish a special relationship to use due care between a facility and its residents, and that these regulations inform the standard of care owed to a resident, upon which the resident may rely in a direct action against the facility to establish negligence per se. (See Klein v. Bia Hotel Corporation (1996) 41 Cal.App.4th 1133 (Title 22 regulations in a residential care facility establish duty of care owed to resident of facility). Section 1569.312 of Title 22 Required Universal Care to provide Mr. Brown with care and supervision, monitoring to ensure his health, safety and well-being, assistance with activities of daily living (such as walking) to meet his needs, and planned activities.

A defendant is liable for reckless or willful neglect of an elder when it fails to protect an elder from health or safety hazards by failing to implement or change a care plan that protects against such hazards. In Intrieri v. Superior Court (2004) 117 Cal.App.4th 72, decedent was a resident of defendant's nursing home. She was attacked by another resident who entered the Alzheimer's ward. She fell, broke her hip, and ultimately passed away. Prior to the attack, the nursing home was aware of the danger the other resident posed, but did not take steps to protect the decedent and other vulnerable residents on the Alzheimer's ward. The nursing home also let the decedent develop pressure ulcers on her leg, and knowing that the resident had developed pressure sores, failed to take action so that the sores wouldn't get worse. Id. at 85.

Continue reading "Reckless Neglect And Abuse By Sacramento Nursing Home, Part 4 of 11" »

(Please note: the names and locations of all parties have been changed to protect the confidentiality of the participants in this elder abuse/wrongful death case and its proceedings.)

Abuse of an elder or a dependent adult is defined in Section 15610.07 as "physical abuse, neglect, fiduciary abuse, abandonment, isolation, abduction, or other treatment with resulting physical harm or pain or mental suffering, or the deprivation by a care custodian of goods or services necessary to avoid physical harm or mental suffering."

In Mack v. Soung (2000) 80 Cal.App.4th 966, the court explained what a plaintiff must plead under the Act to show willful misconduct under the "recklessness" prong for heightened remedies:

Recklessness refers to a subjective state of culpability greater than simple negligence, which has been described as a "deliberate disregard" of the high degree of probability that an injury will occur. Recklessness, unlike negligence, involves more than inadvertence, incompetence, unskillfulness, or a failure to take precautions "but rather rises to the level of a conscious choice of a course of action with knowledge of the serious danger to others involved in it." (Id. at 972.)

In Delaney v. Baker (1999) 20 Cal.4th 23, the neglect was on the part of a skilled nursing center, where the allegations were that an elderly resident developed stage IV bedsores as a result of the facility's rapid turn-over of nursing staff, staffing shortages, and the inadequate training of employee [s] ..., and that there were violations of medical monitoring and record keeping, preventing necessary information from being transmitted to [the resident's] personal physician on a timely basis.

Continue reading "Sacramento Elder Care Facility Sued For Abuse, Part 3 of 11" »

(Please note: the names and locations of all parties have been changed to protect the confidentiality of the participants in this elder abuse/wrongful death case and its proceedings.)

PLAINTIFFS' FIRST CAUSE OF ACTION STATES CLAIMS FOR WILFUL OR RECKLESS NEGLECT OR ABUSE OF AN ELDER

Plaintiffs State A Claim for Willful or Reckless Neglect of An Elder By Alleging That Defendants Chose To Maximize Profits By Understaffing And Underbudgeting Universal Care In Disregard Of Resident Safety and Welfare.

In 1991, the Legislature enacted anew article of the Welfare and Institutions Code (Welf. Code Section 15657 et seq.) Civil Actions for Abuse of Elderly or Dependent Adults, which provides for enhanced damages, fees, and costs recoverable in actions involving the abuse of an elderly or dependent adult. This article is part of a larger statutory framework known as the Elder Abuse and Dependent Adult Civil Protection Act (Welf & Inst C § 15600 et seq.) ("The Elder Abuse Act"). See Delaney v. Baker (1999) 20 Cal.4th 23, 33. Section 15657 provides that:

When it is proven by clear and convincing evidence that a defendant is liable for physical abuse as defined in Section 15610.63, or neglect as defined in Section 15610.57, and that the defendant has been guilty of recklessness, oppression, fraud, or malice in the commission of this abuse, the following shall apply, in addition to all other remedies otherwise provided by law: (a) the court shall award to the plaintiff reasonable attorney fees and costs .... (B) the limitations imposed by Section 377.34 of the Code of Civil Procedure on the damages recoverable shall not apply.

Continue reading "Elder Abuse And Fraud Suit Filed By Sacramento Family, Part 2 of 11" »

(Please note: the names and locations of all parties have been changed to protect the confidentiality of the participants in this elder abuse/wrongful death case and its proceedings.)

Plaintiffs' Memorandum of Points and Authorities in Opposition to Demurrer by All Defendants with Respect to the Brown Plaintiffs

INTRODUCTION
This is an action for elder abuse, fraud, wrongful death, unfair business practices and related causes of action against the corporate owners and managers of Universal Care’s Alzheimer's and Dementia Care Division.

The Complaint states fifteen causes of action: Elder Abuse-Willful or Reckless Misconduct, Elder Abuse-Neglect, Treble Damages for Deceptive or Fraudulent Practices Against Elderly Persons, Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress, Negligent Infliction of Emotional Distress, Negligent Hiring, Screening, Retention, Fraud (Concealment), Unfair Business Practices, Disability Discrimination, and Breach of Contract. Plaintiffs seek compensatory damages, restitution, punitive damages, and treble damages.

As discussed below, plaintiffs concede that the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Causes of Action for Breach of Contract and Breach of the Covenant of Good Faith and Fair Dealing are subject to demurrer, and they ask leave to amend those causes of action. Plaintiffs also concede that David Brown, individually, has not stated a claim for Reckless or Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress, and they ask leave to amend that cause of action. In all other respects, they argue that the demurrer should be overruled.

Continue reading "Sacramento Family Sues For Elder Abuse, Part 1 of 11" »